Despite the fanfare surrounding Turkish President Recep Tayyip Erdogan’s tour of Baghdad and Erbil—his first in 13 years—ambiguities remain over longstanding grievances. A total of 26 accords and memoranda of understanding (MOUs) were signed during the one-day visit on Apr. 22. The latter includes a MOU between Ankara and Baghdad on a strategic framework on energy, security, trade, and water.

However, Iraq and Turkey still have some way to go to finalizing comprehensive agreements on diplomatic and economy-related disputes. Left unresolved are outstanding issues relating to Ankara’s ongoing confrontation with the...