Iran’s new Reformist government appears determined to forge a revised deal with the west to lift sanctions in exchange for restrictions on the country’s nuclear program. However, there is ambiguity over potential paths ahead—including the extent to which elements of the Joint Comprehensive Plan of Action (JCPOA), as the 2015 nuclear agreement is known, may be restored.

“The JCPOA is not good enough for us anymore,” a high-ranking political source in Tehran told Amwaj.media, indicating ambitions by the Iranian government to end the nuclear crisis by going beyond the framework of what has been on...